Resolving physically and biologically driven suspended particulate matter dynamics in a tidal basin with a distribution-based model   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Joeran Maerz  Kai Wirtz 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

Understanding suspended particulate matter (SPM) dynamics in coastal waters is crucial to assess changes in coastal sediment budgets and biogeochemical fluxes. SPM dynamics are subject to various physical and biological factors and processes such as, e.g. tidal currents and aggregation which can be enhanced by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) that are produced by algae and bacteria. It is still unclear how the different factors and processes interact and together determine SPM dynamics. To unravel the interacting processes and factors, we propose a new distribution-based modeling approach. Based on the derivation of explicit equations for size distribution characteristics of SPM such as the average radius, we derived a model of reduced complexity characterized by low initialization and parameterization effort as well as low computational cost. The proposed 0D model includes the processes of aggregation and fragmentation due to shear, aggregation due to differential settling, deposition, resuspension and tidal exchange, and describes the evolution of the SPM concentration in the water column linked by the settling velocity to the change of the mass average radius of the aggregate distribution. A systematic parameter variation for critical bottom shear stress of erosion, the size of resuspended aggregates, the fractal dimension, the collision efficiency, and the aggregate strength has been performed and compared to observations in the back-barrier basin of Spiekeroog Island in the German Wadden Sea. This analysis confirms the hypothesis that in winter biological influences on SPM dynamics are smaller compared to summer. This is mainly reflected by a significant shift in the various parameters. We hence conclude that biological control mechanisms have a much more quantitative relevance for SPM dynamics than currently represented by state-of-the-art SPM transport models.  相似文献   

Testing taxonomic resolution,data transformation and selection of species for monitoring macroalgae communities     

A. Puente  J.A. Juanes 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008

The Water Framework and Habitats Directives require the evaluation of both the conservation and ecological status of macroalgae communities at water body or habitat level. However, assessments of macroalgal communities are highly time-consuming, both in terms of sampling effort and laboratory processing. These constraints have brought about their oversight in many marine monitoring programs, especially in subtidal environments. By using data from intertidal and subtidal macroalgae assemblages of Mouro Island (North coast of Spain) we wanted to identify possible cost-effective methods for monitoring this biological indicator, based on both high taxa levels and use of representative taxa. Multivariate analyses were applied using different data transformations. The results show that macroalgal communities are robust to aggregation to genus or even family level. Moreover, the outcomes show that transformation types introduce higher variation in the multivariate pattern of samples than the taxonomic level to which organisms are identified. Also, the study supports the use of representative taxa as a surrogate to overall community structure. Therefore, we conclude that a rapid-assessment by means of field evaluations, based on coverage of representative taxa, is a reliable alternative for the assessment of macroalgae status. In addition this procedure allows evaluation at a broader spatial scale (water body or habitat level) than traditional quantitative sampling procedure does.  相似文献   

河口物质和水体长期输运分离的理论分析和观测验证 Ⅰ.物质和水体长期输运分离的理论分析          下载免费PDF全文

朱首贤  丁平兴  沙文钰  张文静 《海洋学报》2008,30(6):24-29

基于单宽断面潮周期平均水体和物质对流输运通量,定义了二维水体和物质长期输运速度,它们分别描述单宽断面水体和物质长期输运的方向及快慢。通过二维水体和物质长期输运速度的对比分析,提出了物质和水体长期输运分离概念:受物质浓度影响,在物质和水体瞬时运动速度相同的情况下,物质和水体潮周期平均对流输运的方向和快慢可能存在差异。本文将二维物质长期输运速度分解为二维水体长期输运速度、二维潮泵输运速度和垂向切变输运速度,它们分别描述余流输运、潮泵输运和垂向切变输运,后两种输运造成单宽断面物质和水体长期输运分离。本文的分析表明,河口受地形、径流、潮流、密度梯度影响,存在有利于物质和水体长期输运分离的自然条件。  相似文献   

工程摄影测量中交向摄影的精度分析     

沈庆雄 《测绘科学》2009,34(3)

本文从理论上推导了工程摄影测量中交向摄影方式各元素影响物点坐标精度的严密公式,并根据理论分析的结果,采用先进的数码相机和量测相机进行了一定的试验,在仔细分析试验结果的基础上,找出了工程摄影测量中交向摄影最佳的交向角、摄影基线、摄影距离和摄影比例尺等参数,对物点坐标总精度的影响规律。实际作业中,要使最佳交向摄影方式获得最理想的点位精度,所总结出的结论是可行的。  相似文献   

Report of Prionospio complex (Annelida: Polychaeta: Spionidae) from China''s waters, with description of a new species     

ZHOU Jin  LI Xinzheng 《海洋学报(英文版)》2009,28(1):116-127

Nine species of Prionospio complex are recorded from China’s waters, including one new species and six newly recorded species. Prionospio (Prionospio) pacifica sp. nov., is characterized by having first and forth pairs of branchiae pinnate, second and third pairs of apinnate, ventral crest on Setiger 9 and dorsal crests on Setigers 10—25. Apoprionospio kirrae (Wilson, 1990), Prionospio (Aquilaspio) convexa Imajima, 1990, Prionospio (Minuspio) multibranchiata Berkeley, 1927, Prionospio (Prionospio) bocki Sderstrm, 1920, Prionospio (Prionospio) dubia Maciolek, 1985 and Prionospio (Prionospio) paradisea Imajima, 1990 are recorded for the first time from China’s waters.  相似文献   

Particulate organic matter in the coastal and estuarine waters of Goa and its relationship with phytoplankton production     

X.N. Verlencar  S.Z. Qasim 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1985,21(2):235-243

In the coastal and estuarine waters of Goa, particulate organic carbon (POC) varied from 0.52 to 2.51 mg l^?1 and from 0.28 to 5.24 mg l^?1 and particulate phosphorus (PP) varied from 0.71 to 5.18 μg l^?1 and from 0.78 to 20.34 μg l^?1, respectively. The mean values of chlorophyll and primary productivity were 1.94 mg m^?3 and 938.1 mg C m^?2 day^?1 in the coastal waters and 4.3 mg m^?3 and 636.5 mg C m^?1 day^?1 in the estuarine waters, respectively.$\text{POC}\text{chl}$ ratios were low in June and October even when POC values were quite high. The POC in surface waters was linearly correlated with the chlorophyll content. Also PP increased when chlorophyll and primary productivity remained high. The results suggest that the phytoplankton was sharply increasing and contributed to POC and PP content. The percentage of detritus calculated from the intercept values of chlorophyll on POC varied from 46 to 76% depending on season. Results indicate that the major portion of POC and PP during postmonsoon (October–January) is derived from phytoplankton production while the allochthonous matter predominate during monsoon (June–September).  相似文献   

闽东沿岸2004～2006年浮游植物生态特征研究     

丁页  林元烧  曹文清  杨圣云  李乃姜 《台湾海峡》2009,28(3):360-369

根据闽东海洋环境监测中心2004年-2006年阂东沿岸生态调查的资料，分析和研究了闽东沿岸浮游植物的生态特征．共鉴定出浮游植物的种类3个门39属共134种，其中硅藻门的种类占总种数的80％，为该调查海域主要门类．主要优势种是中肋骨条藻（Skeletonema costatum）、旋链角毛藻（Chaetoceros curvisetus）、尖刺拟菱形藻（Pseudo—nitzschia pungens）和丹麦细柱藻（Leptocylindrus danicus）等．浮游植物的丰度分布，呈现由调查海域东北侧向西南侧、由近岸向远岸减少的空间特征，夏季高、春季低的季节变化特点，并且有逐年减少的年际变化趋势．本调查海域浮游植物多样性指数较高，群落较稳定．  相似文献   

Development of a typology for transitional waters in the Mediterranean ecoregion: The case of the islands     

Paloma Lucena-Moya  Isabel Pardo  Maruxa Álvarez 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

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Is Ursa Major II the progenitor of the Orphan Stream?     

M. Fellhauer  N. W. Evans  V. Belokurov  D. B. Zucker  B. Yanny  M. I. Wilkinson  G. Gilmore  M. J. Irwin  D. M. Bramich  S. Vidrih  P. Hewett  T. Beers 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2007,375(4):1171-1179

Prominent in the 'Field of Streams'– the Sloan Digital Sky Survey map of substructure in the Galactic halo – is an 'Orphan Stream' without obvious progenitor. In this numerical study, we show a possible connection between the newly found dwarf satellite Ursa Major II (UMa II) and the Orphan Stream. We provide numerical simulations of the disruption of UMa II that match the observational data on the position, distance and morphology of the Orphan Stream. We predict the radial velocity of UMa II as −100 km s⁻¹, as well as the existence of strong velocity gradients along the Orphan Stream. The velocity dispersion of UMa II is expected to be high, though this can be caused both by a high dark matter content or by the presence of unbound stars in a disrupted remnant. However, the existence of a gradient in the mean radial velocity across UMa II provides a clear-cut distinction between these possibilities. The simulations support the idea that some of the anomalous, young halo globular clusters like Palomar 1 or Arp 2 or Ruprecht 106 may be physically associated with the Orphan Stream.  相似文献   

中国近海棱梭群体形态学和耳石形态学研究          下载免费PDF全文

阳敏  刘璐  吴桢  吴天昊  谭颖琪  龙丹丹  高天翔  宋娜 《应用海洋学学报》2019,38(3):329-337

为研究棱梭不同地理群体间的形态差异,使用多元统计分析方法对采集自金门、厦门、虎门、湛江、北海和防城港6个地点邻近海域的棱梭群体样本的形态和矢耳石形态两方面进行比较研究。对棱梭样本的形态研究结合传统形态学和地标形态学开展,对矢耳石的形态研究则将传统耳石形态分析法和椭圆傅里叶分析法相结合,形态和耳石形态数据的分析结果相似。主成分分析结果表明从28个棱梭形态量度指标提取的前8个主成分累积贡献率为65. 868%,从85个耳石形态指标提取的前23个主成分的累积贡献率为79. 290%,根据临界值85. 000%可以推断这6个棱梭群体间形态和耳石形态上的差异不能够单独依靠少数指标来判断;聚类分析的结果总体显示出群体间差异与地理距离等因素相关联的分布规律;在判别分析中形态学量度指标的综合判别正确率为75. 9%,而耳石形态学指标的综合判别正确率略低,为69. 3%;对棱梭形态量度指标的单因子方差分析显示湛江棱梭群体与其他群体在形态上存在显著差异的量度指标较少。栖息地环境、饵料组成和海流等可能是导致形态学差异和耳石形态差异形成的主要因素。另一方面,理化因子的相似性和群体间的交流会减弱群体间形态和耳石形态的差异。  相似文献